Caius Julius Caesar was born 12 or 13 July, 100 BC. A military genius, Caesar conquered Gaul (58-50 BC) and landed in Britain - both exploits described in his commentaries.
Fearing his power, the senate outlawed him in 49 BC, but he invaded Italy and pursued his enemies to Egypt where he sided with Queen Cleopatra in a dynastic war. He also became her lover and with her had a son, Caesarion (47-30 BC). (After Caesar's death, Cleopatra became the mistress of Marcus Antonius and bore several of his children.)
Named dictator for life in 45 BC, Caesar reformed the calendar but was unable to reform the corrupt republic.
Believing Caesar aimed at becoming king, Brutus, Cassius and 60 accomplices assassinated him in the senate on the 'Ides of March', March 15, 44 BC.